Communicative Methods of Forming Professional Competences of Future Foreign Specialists During Distance Learning of Ukrainian Language in HEIs

The COVID-19 pandemic and Russia's military aggression against Ukraine have surely influenced the intensive development of distance learning and showed the difficulties that occurred during the educational process, especially for foreign students. Under such conditions, the use of the latest means of teaching the Ukrainian language has become one of the main priorities for the training of future foreign specialists in higher education institutions. The purpose of the work is to analyze and identify effective methods that will develop communicative abilities of foreign students in the process of learning Ukrainian. During the study, video materials, dictionaries and color schemes were used, and the survey was conducted with second and third year students. The results of the research showed that introducing students to the cultural heritage of Ukraine before the direct study of the language increased their motivation and desire to learn Ukrainian. In addition, due to the use of role/business games and video materials in stages in accordance with their specialization, there was an increase in vocabulary, as indicated by high rates of listening. In case of problems with the perception of information and its adequate understanding (reception), mnemonics were used, which included non-verbal sign language or the principle of situationality. The study also showed that most students have difficulties with learning grammar. Therefore, the method of color schemes was used, which helped to focus on the exceptions and rules with a certain color. The methodology proposed by the authors was used in the study of cases of noun and adjective. At the same time, students independently chose colors and made an association with the concept indicated by the teacher. In addition, during the work it was advisable to use dictionaries, in particular, to search for words of foreign origin, which greatly influenced the process of proper understanding of the educational material by foreigners. The results show positive changes for effective, high-quality and fast learning of Ukrainian language by foreigners. © 2022 by the Author(s).

Descriptions of the Process of New COVID-19 Virus Infection and Transmission Using the Idea of Splicing LEGO Bricks

The Idea of splicing LEGO bricks is proposed for describing the structure of a composite viral infection, which makes it possible to explain the possibility of a recurrence of the disease and the pattern of peaks in the spread of the disease. Comparing the RNA sequences/fragments of a virus to LEGO bricks, the number of LEGO bricks an individual acquires can be used to estimate the probability of disease and death for that individual. The aim is to advise and help public health security develop appropriate measures to reduce infection, recurrence and death from disease during a pandemic. The purpose is to provide the basis for recommendations and measures developed for public health safety to reduce disease infection, recurrence and death during a pandemic. © 2022 IEEE.

Multiphase Compartment Models of Distribution of New Coronavirus Infections

A fundamentally new multiphase compartmental mathematical model for predicting the spread of several waves of coronavirus infection has been developed. Quality indicators in comparison with existing single-phase models are analyzed. The developed model will allow to model several waves of the process of spreading new coronavirus infections, to predict the process of loading the medical system, as well as the needs for staff, equipment and hospital beds during pandemics. © 2022 IEEE.

Carotid Enadrterectomy for Thrombosis of the Internal Carotid Artery in Patients With COVID-19.

Analysis of the results of emergency carotid endarterectomy (CEE) against the background of internal carotid artery (ICA) thrombosis in the acute period of acute cerebrovascular accident (ACVA) in patients with COVID-19. During the COVID-19 pandemic (April 1, 2020-May 1, 2021), 43 patients with ICA thrombosis and a positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) result for SARS-CoV-2 were included in this prospective study. In all cases, CEE was performed in the acutest period of ACVA. These patients were included in group 1. The comparison group was represented by 89 patients who underwent CEE in the acute period of stroke, in the period before the COVID-19 pandemic (April 1, 2019-March 1, 2020). According to laboratory parameters, patients with COVID-19 had severe coagulopathy (with an increase in D-dimer: 3832 ± 627.2 ng/mL, fibrinogen: 12.6 ± 3.1 g/L, prothrombin: 155.7 ± 10, 2%), inflammatory syndrome (increased ferritin: 646.2 ± 56.1 ng/mL, C-reactive protein: 161.3 ± 17.2 mg/L, interleukin-6: 183.3 ± 51.7 pg/mL, leukocytosis: 27.3 ± 1.7 10E9/L). In the hospital postoperative period, the groups were comparable in terms of the incidence of deaths (group 1: 2.3%, n = 1; group 2: 1.1%, n = 1; P= 0.81; OR=2.09; 95 % CI = 0.12-34.3) myocardial infarction (group 1: 2.3%, n = 1; group 2: 0%; P= 0.7; OR = 6.3; 95% CI = 0.25-158.5), CVA (group 1: 2.3%, n = 1; group 2: 2.2%, n = 2; P= 0.55; OR = 1.03; 95% CI = 0,.09-11.7). ICA thrombosis and hemorrhagic transformations were not recorded. However, due to severe coagulopathy with ongoing anticoagulant/antiplatelet therapy, patients with COVID-19 more often developed bleeding in the operation area (group 1: 11.6%, n = 5; group 2: 1.1%, n = 1; P= 0.02; OR = 11.5; 95% CI = 1.3-102.5). In all cases, the flow of hemorrhagic discharge came from the drainage localized in the subcutaneous fat. This made it possible to remove skin sutures in a dressing room, suturing the source of bleeding and applying secondary sutures under local anesthesia. Emergency CEE in the acute period of stroke is an effective and safe method of cerebral revascularization in case of ICA thrombosis in conditions of COVID-19.